El autismo es un trastorno del desarrollo neurológico que afecta la comunicación, la interacción social y la conducta. En los niños, suele manifestarse antes de los 3 años de edad y se caracteriza por dificultades para establecer relaciones sociales, habilidades de comunicación limitadas, comportamientos repetitivos y restricciones en las actividades e intereses.
Los síntomas del autismo pueden variar de un niño a otro, pero algunos signos comunes incluyen la falta de contacto visual, la ausencia de respuesta a los nombres, la dificultad para iniciar o mantener una conversación, la falta de interés en jugar con otros niños, la preferencia por actividades o intereses restrictivos y la repetición de movimientos o palabras.
El autismo se considera un trastorno del espectro autista (TEA), lo que significa que afecta a cada niño de manera diferente y en diferentes grados. Aunque no se conoce una cura para el autismo, el diagnóstico temprano y una intervención temprana pueden ayudar a mejorar los resultados a largo plazo para los niños con TEA.
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